Apply everywhere, to everything!   When you first start your job search go through all the postings on sites such as Indeed.com, LinkedIn, job banks on organization sites and others that fit what you are looking for.  Even if the posting is a few weeks old, apply apply apply.  Then after you have pushed out resumes and cover letters to those postings, set a schedule of looking and applying for jobs every single day, as they are posted.  You want to try and get your information in as fast as you can when a posting is listed.  You can also sign up for job alerts that fit certain criteria which can really assist in you being quick to apply for a position.